Composition and advantages of hydraulic system

A complete hydraulic system consists of five parts, namely power components, actuating components, control components, auxiliary components and hydraulic oil.
 
The function of the power component is to convert the mechanical energy of the prime mover into the pressure energy of the liquid. It refers to the oil pump in the hydraulic system, which provides power to the entire hydraulic system. The structural forms of hydraulic pumps generally include gear pumps, vane pumps and plunger pumps. Their performance comparison is shown in 1-1
 
The function of actuators (such as hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors) is to convert the pressure energy of the liquid into mechanical energy and drive the load to perform linear reciprocating or rotary motion.
 
Control elements (i.e., various hydraulic valves) control and regulate the pressure, flow, and direction of fluids in hydraulic systems. According to different control functions, hydraulic valves can be divided into pressure control valves, flow control valves and directional control valves. Pressure control valves are divided into flow valves (safety valves), pressure reducing valves, sequence valves, pressure relays, etc.; flow control valves include throttle valves, adjustment valves, diverter and collector valves, etc.; directional control valves include one-way valves, Hydraulic control check valve, shuttle valve, reversing valve, etc. According to different control methods, hydraulic valves can be divided into on-off control valves, fixed value control valves and proportional control valves.
 
Auxiliary components include oil tanks, oil filters, oil pipes and pipe joints, sealing rings, pressure gauges, oil level and oil temperature gauges, etc.
 
Hydraulic oil is the working medium that transmits energy in the hydraulic system. There are several categories such as various mineral oils, emulsions and synthetic hydraulic oils.
 
Hydraulic system advantages:
Compared with mechanical transmission and electrical transmission, hydraulic transmission has the following advantages:
1. Various components of hydraulic transmission can be arranged conveniently and flexibly according to needs.
2. Light weight, small size, small movement inertia and fast response speed.
3. It is easy to operate and control, and can achieve a wide range of stepless speed regulation (speed regulation range up to 2000:1).
4. Overload protection can be automatically realized.
5. Mineral oil is generally used as the working medium. The relative moving surfaces can be self-lubricated and have a long service life.
6. It is easy to achieve linear motion.
7. It is easy to realize the automation of the machine. When electro-hydraulic joint control is adopted, not only a higher degree of automatic control process can be achieved, but also remote control can be achieved.